What health issue can occur due to low B12 levels?

Low levels of vitamin B12 can lead to anemia, specifically megaloblastic anemia. This condition occurs because vitamin B12 is essential for proper red blood cell formation and DNA synthesis. When the body lacks sufficient B12, it cannot produce enough healthy red blood cells, leading to larger, improperly formed cells that cannot effectively transport oxygen throughout the body. Symptoms of anemia caused by low B12 levels may include fatigue, weakness, pale skin, and shortness of breath. Ensuring adequate intake of vitamin B12 is crucial, especially for individuals who may have dietary restrictions, such as vegetarians and vegans, since B12 is primarily found in animal products.